Glossary
| Biomethane | Gaseous renewable energy source derived from agricultural biomass (dedicated crops, by-products and agricultural waste and animal waste), agro-industrial (waste from the food processing chain) and the Organic Fraction Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW). |
| BEV | Battery electric vehicle |
| Carbon budget | This is the amount of carbon dioxide the world can emit while still having a likely chance of limiting average global temperature rise to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, an internationally agreed-upon target. |
| CBA | Cost Benefit Analysis carried out to define to what extent a project is worthwhile from a social perspective. |
| CCS | Carbon Capture and Storage. Process of sequestrating CO2 and storing it in such a way that it won’t enter the atmosphere. |
| CHP | Combined heat and power |
| COP21 | Legally binding international treaty on climate change, adopted by 196 Parties at COP 21 in Paris on 12 December 2015. In this report it also refers to the COP21 scenario building approach which enables full energy scenario development and carbon emission assessment |
| Direct electrification | Electricity demand for direct use in the final demand sectors (residential, tertiary, industry etc). Electricity which is converted to other energy carriers through power to gas or power to liquids is referred to as indirect electrification. |
| DSR | Demand Side Response. Consumers have an active role in the balancing of energy supply and demand by changing their energy consumption according to the energy price and availability. For example, by softening demand peaks in case of congestions, or by increasing energy use during surplus supply. |
| EC | European Commission |
| EV | Electric vehicle |
| FCEV | Fuel cell electric vehicle |
| GHG | Greenhouse gas |
| Hybrid Heat Pump | Heating system that combines an electric heat pump with a gas condensing boiler to optimize energy efficiency. |
| IA | Impact Assessment released by the European Commission on 17 September 2020: Communication COM/2020/562: Stepping up Europe’s 2030 climate ambition Investing in a climate-neutral future for the benefit of our people. |
| ICE | Internal combustion engine |
| IEA | World Energy Outlook |
| IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
| LNG | Liquefied natural gas |
| LTS | Long Term Strategy released by the European Commission on 28 November 2018: A Clean Planet for all. A European strategic long-term vision for a prosperous, modern, competitive and climate neutral economy. |
| LULUCF | Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry. Sink of CO2 made possible by the fact that atmospheric CO2 can accumulate as carbon in vegetation and soils in terrestrial ecosystems. |
| NECPs | National Energy and Climate Plans are the new framework within which EU Member States have to plan, in an integrated manner, their climate and energy objectives, targets, policies and measures to the European Commission. Countries will have to develop NECPs on a ten-year rolling basis, with an update halfway through the implementation period. The NECPs covering the first period from 2021 to 2030 will have to ensure that the Union’s 2030 targets for greenhouse gas emission reductions, renewable energy, energy efficiency and electricity interconnection are met. |
| NGO | Non-governmental Organization |
| P2G | Power to gas. Technology that uses electricity to produce hydrogen (Power to Hydrogen – P2H2) by splitting water into oxygen and hydrogen (electrolysis). The hydrogen produced can then either be used directly or indirectly to produce other fuels, where it is combined with CO2 to obtain synthetic methane (Power to Methane – P2CH4) or can be converted to other energy carriers like for example synthetic ammonia (P2NH3). |
| P2L | Power to liquids. Combination of hydrogen from electrolysis and Fischer-Tropsch process to obtain synthetic liquid fuels. |
| PCI | Project of Common Interest |
| Power-to-Hydrogen/P2Hydrogen | Hydrogen obtained from P2H2 |
| Power-to-Methane/P2Methane | Renewable methane, could be biomethane or synthetic methane produced by renewable energy sources only. |
| RES | Renewable energy source |
| SMR | Steam methane reforming, an industrial process to produce hydrogen with natural gas. Can be outfitted with carbon capture technologies |
| Synthetic fuel | Fuel (gas or liquid) that is produces from renewable or low carbon electrical energy. |
| TEN-E | Trans-European Networks for Energy, EU policy focused on linking the energy infrastructure of EU countries. |
| TSO | Transmission System Operator |
| TYNDP | Ten Year Network Development Plan |
P
Publishing Info
Joint-Publishers
ENTSOG
European Network of Transmission System Operators for Gas
Avenue de Cortenbergh 100
1000 Brussels, Belgium
ENTSO-E
European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity
Rue de Spa, 8
1000 Brussels, Belgium
Co-authors
Alexander Kättlitz
Maria Chiara Cavarretta
Nalan Buyuk
Olivier Lebois
Pieter Boersma
Sub-Team leads of the Joint WG Scenario Building
Joint WG Scenario Building
ENTSOG WG Scenarios
ENTSO-E Regional Groups
Design
DreiDreizehn GmbH, Berlin | www.313.de
Cover artwork:
ZN Consulting, Brussels | www.znconsulting.com
Pictures
page “Executive summary”: courtesy of GASCADE
page “Purpose of the scenario report”: courtesy of Gas Connect Austria/Monika Aigner
page “Scenario descriptions and storylines”: courtesy of Gas Connect Austria
page “Visualisation platform”: courtesy of TenneT/©siemens_ag_ulrich_wirrwa
page “Scenario results”: courtesy of National Grid
page “The cost of electricity”: courtesy of PSE Operator
page “Benchmarking”: courtesy of GRTgaz
page “Improvements”: courtesy of ONTRAS/petereichler.com
page “Next steps”: ©aerogondo – stock.adobe.com
page “Glossary”: courtesy of Elia
Publishing date
October 2021
